Kuti uwedzere kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu, nhanho yega yega yekugadzirwa kwechikafu (kubva pakutenga, kugamuchira, kutakura, kuchengetedza, kugadzirira, kubata, kubika kusvika pakupa) inofanirwa kuitwa uye kuongororwa zvine hungwaru.

Iyo HACCP system inzira yesainzi uye yakarongeka yekuona, kuongorora uye kutonga kwenjodzi mukugadzira chikafu.NeHACCP system, kudzora kwekuchengetedza chikafu kunosanganiswa mukugadzirwa kwemaitiro kwete kuvimba nekuyedzwa kwechigadzirwa.Naizvozvo HACCP system inopa nzira yekudzivirira uye nekudaro inodhura-inoshanda mukuchengetedza chikafu.

Misimboti minomwe yeHACCP System ndeye-

1. Ita ongororo yengozi uye uone matanho ekudzora
2. Sarudza iyo yakakosha yekudzora mapoinzi (CCPs)
3. Gadzira miganho yakakosha yeCCP yega yega
4. Gadzira hurongwa hwekutarisa kune imwe neimwe CCP
5. Gadzira maitiro ekugadzirisa
6. Gadzirisa chirongwa cheHACCP uye gadza maitiro ekusimbisa
7. Gadzirai zvinyorwa uye kuchengeta marekodhi

Principle 1 Ita ongororo yengozi neKuona njodzi dzinogona kuitika uye matanho ekudzora

Njodzi yekuchengetedza chikafu chero ipi zvayo yebhayoloji, makemikari kana yemuviri mumiriri muchikafu ine mukana wekukonzera hutano husina kunaka.Isu tinounganidza nekuongorora ruzivo nezve njodzi dzinoonekwa mune zvigadzirwa uye zvimwe zvinongedzo, zvakatipoteredza, mukuita kana muchikafu, uye mamiriro anotungamira kuvapo kwavo kuti vasarudze kana idzi dzisiri njodzi dzakakura uye tifunge chero matanho ekudzora njodzi dzakaonekwa.

Nheyo 2 Sarudza yakakosha kutonga mapoinzi (CCPs)

Nzvimbo yakakosha yekudzora idanho rinogona kushandiswa kutonga uye rakakosha kudzivirira kana kubvisa njodzi yekuchengetedza chikafu kana kuidzikisa kusvika padanho rinogamuchirwa.

Haasi ese mapoinzi anoonekwa nenjodzi uye matanho ekudzivirira anozove yakakosha kudzora nzvimbo.Maitiro ane musoro ekuita sarudzo anoiswa kuti aone kana maitiro acho ari akakosha ekudzora nzvimbo.Iyo ine musoro yekuita sarudzo yekuita sarudzo yekutarisa yakakosha mapoinzi inogona kusanganisira zvinhu zvakaita se:

• kana kutonga padanho iri kwakakosha kuti chengetedzo;
• kana kutonga padanho iri kunobvisa kana kuderedza kuitika kwengozi kusvika pamwero unogamuchirwa;
• kana kusvibiswa nengozi yakaonekwa inogona kuitika kudarika mazinga anogamuchirwa;
• kana matanho anotevera achabvisa kana kuderedza njodzi yacho zvinogamuchirika

Nheyo 3 Gadzira miganho yakakosha yeCCP yega yega

Critical Limit ndiyo chiyero, inocherechedzwa kana kuyerwa, iyo inoparadzanisa kugamuchirwa kubva pakusagashirwa kwechikafu maererano nechiyero chekutonga pane yakakosha kudzora nzvimbo.Mitemo Yakakosha yematanho ekudzora paCCPs inofanirwa kutsanangurwa uye kusimbiswa nesainzi kuratidza kuti inokwanisa kudzora njodzi kusvika pamwero unogamuchirika kana ikaitwa nemazvo.

Miganho yakakosha inogona kuve yakavakirwa pamabhuku aripo, mirau kana nhungamiro kubva kune vane hunyanzvi, kana zvidzidzo zvinoitiswa nevanoita bhizinesi rekudya kana mapato echitatu.

Zviyero zvinowanzo shandiswa zvinosanganisira kuyerwa kwenguva, tembiricha, humidity, chiitiko chemvura uye pH kukosha uye ma sensory paramita senge chitarisiko chekuona uye magadzirirwo.Mune zvimwe zviitiko, inodarika imwe nhanho yakakosha inodiwa kudzora imwe njodzi.

Musimboti wechina Gadzirai sisitimu yekutarisa yeCCP yega yega

Monitoring kutevedzana kwakarongwa kwekutarisa kana kuyerwa kuongorora kana yakakosha nzvimbo yekudzora iri pasi pekutonga uye kugadzira rekodhi rekodhi rekushandisa mune ramangwana mukusimbisa.Kuongorora kwakakosha zvakanyanya kune HACCP system.Monitoring inogona kunyevera chirimwa kana paine maitiro ekurasikirwa kwekutonga kuitira kuti itore matanho ekudzoreredza hurongwa husati hwapfuura.

Mushandi ane basa rekutarisa maitiro anofanirwa kuzivikanwa zvakajeka uye akadzidziswa zvakakwana kuita matanho ekugadzirisa.

Musimboti 5 Gadzira zviito zvekugadzirisa

Kururamisa chiito chiito chakananga chinoitwa apo mhedzisiro yekutarisisa pane yakakosha control point inoratidza kuti muganhu haugone kuwanikwa kureva kurasikirwa kwekutonga.

Sezvo HACCP iri nzira yekudzivirira yekugadzirisa matambudziko asati akanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, manejimendi echirimwa anofanirwa kuronga pachine nguva kuti agadzirise zvingangotsauka kubva pamiganho yakakomba.Pese kana muganho wenzvimbo yakakosha yekudzora ukapfuura, chirimwa chinozofanira kutora matanho ekugadzirisa nekukasira.

Iwo manejimendi echirimwa anofanirwa kuona chiito chekugadzirisa pachine nguva uye anofanira kuona kuti zviito zvinokwanisa kuunza CCP pasi pekutonga.Zviito zvakatorwa zvinofanirwa kusanganisira maitiro akakodzera ezvigadzirwa zvakakanganiswa.

Musimboti 6 Simbisa chirongwa cheHACCP uye gadza maitiro ekusimbisa

Hurongwa hweHACCP hunofanirwa kusimbiswa husati hwaitwa.Ongororo inofanirwa kutorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvehurongwa hweHACCP zvinokwanisa kuona kudzora kwenjodzi dzakakosha dzine chekuita nebhizinesi rekudya.

Kusimbisa kunogona kusanganisira ongororo yezvinyorwa zvesainzi, kushandisa masvomhu, kuita zvidzidzo zvekusimbisa kana kushandisa gwara rakagadzirwa neane chiremera masosi.

Mushure meiyo HACCP system yaitwa, maitiro anofanirwa kuumbwa kuratidza kuti chirongwa cheHACCP chiri kuteverwa uye nzvimbo ine njodzi inodzorwa nemazvo.Chero shanduko ine chekuita nekuchengetedzeka kwechikafu inoda kuongororwa kweiyo HACCP system uye kana zvichidikanwa kugadziridzwa kwechirongwa cheHACCP.

Zviitiko zvekuona zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwemaitiro, maitiro, bvunzo uye kumwe ongororo, kuwedzera pakutarisisa, kuona kutevedza chirongwa cheHACCP nguva nenguva uye kana shanduko dzikaitika.

Mimwe mienzaniso yezvisimbiso ndeyekukosheswa kwezvishandiso zvekuongorora maitiro panguva dzakatarwa, kutarisisa kwakananga kwezviitiko zvekutarisa, uye kugadzirisa zviito.Kunze kwezvo, sampling yechigadzirwa, yekutarisa marekodhi ongororo uye ongororo inogona kushanda kuratidza iyo HACCP system.

Iwo manejimendi echirimwa anofanirwa kutarisa kuti vashandi vari kuchengeta nemarekodhi eHACCP uye nenguva.

Chisungo chechinomwe Gadzira zvinyorwa uye kuchengetedza marekodhi

Kuchengeta marekodhi akakodzera eHACCP chikamu chakakosha cheHACCP system.Maitiro eHACCP akadai sekuongorora njodzi, CCP kutsunga uye kuomesesa muganho kunofanirwa kunyorwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, rekodhi yeCCP yekutarisisa zviitiko, kutsauka uye zvine chekuita nekugadzirisa zviito, shanduko kuHACCP inofanirwa kuchengetwa nemazvo.

Kugadzira nzira dzekuchengeta marekodhi, manejimendi echirimwa anogona:

• shandisa iyomafomusezviri muAppendix 4 kusvika ku18 ye“Mashandisiro Eurongwa Hwekuchengetedza Kudya”;
• tsvaga vashandi vane basa rekuisa data rekutarisa mumarekodhi uye kuona kuti vanonzwisisa mabasa avo uye mabasa avo.

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